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Siguranta si securitatea
ta sunt garantate
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Toate profilele sunt filtrate de sistemele anti-inselatorie si anti-furt de identitate.
Fiecare fotografie, descriere si nume de utilizator sunt aprobate manual de catre personal calificat. Astfel, asiguram ca profilele de pe site sunt reale.
Siguranta ta este garantata si de sistemul de raportare abuz.
Cu experienta de peste 12 ani in dating si relatii serioase si cu o echipa de profesionisti alaturi, facem ce stim noi mai bine ca tu sa-ti gasesti jumatatea.
Политика конфиденциальности
Интернет-сайт http://proglive. ru (далее - Сайт) уважает ваше право и соблюдает конфиденциальность при заполнении, передачи и хранении ваших конфиденциальных сведений.
Размещение заявки на Сайте означает Ваше согласие на обработку данных и дальнейшей передачи ваших контактных данных НОЧУ ДО "Школа программирования".
Под персональными данными подразумевается информация, относящаяся к субъекту персональных данных, в частности фамилия и имя, телефон, адрес электронной почты и иные данные, относимые Федеральным законом от 27 июля 2006 года № 152-ФЗ «О персональных данных» (далее – «Закон») к категории персональных данных. Целью обработки персональных данных является оказание Сайтом информационно-справочных услуг, а также информирование о курсах НОЧУ ДО "Школа программирования".
В случае отзыва согласия на обработку своих персональных данных мы обязуемся удалить Ваши персональные данные в срок не позднее 3 рабочих дней. Отзыв согласия можно отправить в электронном виде по адресу: support@prog-school. ru.
Дорогие друзья, четыре года назад, летом 2010 в Школе Программирования прошел легендарный курс «Веб-Гуру». За три месяца мы провели несколько десятков учеников по шагам от азов до настоящих вершин профессии веб-разработчика.
Renault 5
The Renault 5 is a supermini produced by French automaker Renault. It was produced in two generations 1972–1985 (also called R5) and 1984–1996 (also called Super 5 or Supercinq). The R5 was sold in the US as Le Car, from 1976 to 1983. Nearly 5.5 million were built. [ 1 ]
First generation (1972–1985) [ edit ]
First generation, five doors
The R5 borrowed mechanicals from the Renault 4. using a longitudinally-mounted engine driving the front wheels with torsion bar suspension. OHV engines were borrowed from the Renault 4 and Renault 8. there was a choice, at launch, between 782cc and 956cc according to price level. A "5TS/5LS" with the 1,289 cc engine from the Renault 12 was added from April 1974. As on the Renault 4, entry level Renault 5s had their engine size increased to 845cc in 1976 and at the top of the range later models had the engine size expanded to 1,397 cc.
Although the mechanical components came from earlier models, body construction involved floor sections welded together with the other body panels, resulting in a monocoque structure. [ 4 ] The approach had by now become mainstream among many European automakers, but represented an advance on the mechanically similar Renault 4 and Renault 6 both of which used a separate platform. The monocoque structure reduced the car's weight, but required investment in new production processes.
The Renault 5 was targeted at cost conscious customers, and the entry level "L" version came with the same 782cc power plant as the cheaper Renault 4 and drum brakes on all four wheels. Importantly, in 1972 it was priced in France at below 10,000 francs. [ 4 ] However, for many export markets the entry level version was excluded from the range and front wheel disc brakes were offered on the more powerful 956cc "Renault 5TL" along with such attractions under the bonnet/hood and an alternator, and in the cabin reclining back rests for the front seats. [ 4 ] From outside the "TL" was differentiated from the "L" by a thin chrome strip below the doors. [ 4 ]
Early production R5s used a dashboard-mounted gearshift, linked by a rod which ran over the top of the engine to a single bend where the rod turned downwards and linked into the gearbox, which was positioned directly in front of the engine. A floor-mounted lever employing a cable linkage replaced this arrangement in 1973. An automatic version, with the larger 1,289 cc engine, was added in early 1978. At the time, the automatic usually represented just under five percent of overall Renault 5 production. [ 7 ] Door handles were formed by a cut-out in the door panel and B-pillar. The R5 was one of the first cars produced with plastic (polyester and glass fibre) bumpers, which came from a specialist Renault factory at Dreux. [ 4 ] These covered a larger area of potential contact than conventional car bumpers of the time and survived low speed parking shunts without permanently distorting. [ 4 ] This helped the car gain a reputation as an "outstanding city car", [ 4 ] and bumpers of this type subsequently became an industry standard.
The R5's engine was set well back in the engine bay, behind the gearbox, allowing the stowage of the spare wheel under the bonnet/hood, an arrangement that freed more space for passengers and luggage within the cabin. [ 8 ] The passenger compartment "is remarkably spacious" in comparison to other modern, small European cars. [ 9 ] The Renault 5 body's drag coefficient was only 0.37 (with most European cars going up to 0.45). [ 10 ]
Other versions of the first generation included the four-door saloon version called the Renault 7 and built by FASA-Renault of Spain. A five-door R5 was added to the range in 1979. [ 11 ] The three-speed Automatic, which received equipment similar to the R5 GTL but with a 1,289 cc (55 bhp) engine, a vinyl roof, and the TS' front seats, also became available with five-door bodywork. In March 1981 the automatic received a somewhat more powerful 1.4 litre engine, which paradoxically increased both performance and fuel economy at all speeds. [ 7 ]
Renault 5 Alpine/Gordini [ edit ]
Renault 5 Alpine
The Renault 5 Alpine was one of the first hot-hatches. launched in 1976. Its launch pre-dated that of the Volkswagen Golf GTI. In the UK. the car was sold as the Renault 5 Gordini because Chrysler Europe already had the rights to the name "Alpine " in the UK and it was in use on the Chrysler Alpine (UK version of Simca 1308) at the time. Use of the name Gordini was from Amedee Gordini. who was a French tuner with strong links with Renault and previous sporting models such as the Renault 8. This (and the later Alpine Turbo models) were assembled at Alpine 's Dieppe plant, beginning in 1975. [ 3 ]
The 1.4 L (1,397 cc) OHV engine, mated to a five-speed gearbox, was based on the Renault "Sierra" pushrod engine, but having a crossflow cylinder head with hemispherical combustion chambers and developed 93 PS (68 kW; 92 hp), twice as much as a standard 1.1 L (1,108 cc) Renault 5. The Alpine could be identified by special alloy wheels and front fog lights and was equipped with stiffened suspension, but still retaining the torsion bar all round. The UK car magazine Motor road test figures quoted top speed of 104.7 mph (168.5 km/h) and 0-60 mph in 9.7 seconds. [ 12 ]
Renault 5 Alpine Turbo/Gordini Turbo [ edit ]
The Renault 5 Alpine Turbo was launched in 1982 as an upgraded successor to the naturally aspirated Alpine. [ 13 ] In Britain. the car was still called Gordini rather than Alpine. Motor magazine undertook a road test of the Turbo in 1982 and while they appreciated the performance (top speed 111.8 mph (179.9 km/h), 0-60 mph 8.7 seconds), they were critical of its high price as it was ?2 more than the larger Ford Escort XR3. [ 14 ]
The 1.4 L (1,397 cc) was the same as the Alpine, but with the addition of a single Garrett T3 turbocharger increasing the power output to 110 bhp (82 kW; 112 PS). [ 15 ] Sales continued until 1984 when the second generation Renault 5 was launched, and the release of the Renault 5 GT Turbo in 1985.
Femei care cauta o relatie de casatorie din toate orasele din Romania
Cont nou
Zilnic intra pe Sentimente. ro 47 275 fete. femei. baieti si barbati. Alatura-te si tu celui mai mare site de matrimoniale si dating din Romania.
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Vino si tu si discuta prin messenger romanesc. afla totul despre horoscop si compatibilitati zodii, trimite felicitari de dragoste si mesaje de dragoste. totul pentru a-ti gasi jumatatea si a lega noi relatii de prietenie, atat in Romania cat si in strainatate.
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